Shared vocabularies are not designed by any central authority; they emerge from the bottom up as communities of speakers repeatedly try to understand one another. We study this process with an agent-based Naming Game in which a population that begins with no common vocabulary self-organises a shared language through local pairwise interaction, and we ask how the social network governs the outcome under communication noise and under selection on communicative strategy. The study combines baseline experiments with an extended suite built specifically to meet the standards of replication and statistical inference: every reported quantity is averaged over many independent seeded runs with confidence intervals, and the central claim is tested with a formal interaction statistic. Convergence time scales with population size as a power law with exponent close to four-thirds, matching analytical results for the Naming Game on networks. Restricted networks sustain many coexisting regional dialects, which we quantify with a cluster-based metric and show to be metastable, decaying to a single language as the interaction budget grows. Our central methodological contribution concerns noise robustness. A naive comparison suggests that denser networks simply tolerate more noise, but by comparing topologies at matched mean degree and by sweeping degree directly we separate two effects: connectivity raises robustness with sharply diminishing returns, while at identical degree locally clustered topologies remain significantly less robust than well-mixed ones. The effect of topology therefore survives the removal of the degree confound. Finally, an evolutionary extension shows that selection for communicative success drives inventiveness towards a low level that a frequency-dependent reward for useful innovation raises only slightly, so conservatism is robust rather than an artefact of the fitness function.

A NetLogo 3D 7.0 model of a market with several floors. Buyers walk, keep their distance from one another, choose among the stalls they can see and change floors. Social proof acts on where buyers go (attraction) and on whether they buy (conversion), and crowding lowers the chance of a purchase. The model tests whether social proof is sufficient to congest such a market and separates the roles of influence, layout and local density. The archive contains the model with every BehaviorSpace experiment of the companion paper, all simulation outputs, the pre-analysis plan, an ODD+D description and the Python code that reproduces every reported number, table and figure.

An agent-based model of one community whose members meet every week. Members decide whether to attend the community’s gatherings, meet partners there, reveal or withhold their views on two topics, and judge each partner as “like me” or as one of “those people”. Views move toward accepted voices and are held by each member’s starting view. Each conversation has a feeling, which updates the member’s warmth toward her own side and toward the other side and strengthens or weakens the tie between the two partners; ties decide belonging, and belonging decides attendance. Listening enters as one trait, conversational receptiveness. The release includes the BehaviorSpace setup file and the output of every run reported in the accompanying paper.

Green Consumption ABM – Version 2.0.0

This release presents an updated agent-based modelling (ABM) framework developed to investigate social tipping dynamics in green consumption markets.

The model integrates heterogeneous consumer preferences, social influence, firm-level economic decision-making, endogenous pricing, and environmental policy interventions to examine how individual behavioural responses can generate collective market transitions.

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This study separates operational interoperability, fare integration and revenue-sharing governance in a stylised multi-operator bus network. An agent-based model implemented in NetLogo 7.0.3 represents passengers, buses and stations across 14 stations, nine routes and three operators. A 2 × 2 institutional design is complemented by financial clearing comparisons and 43,200 robustness runs: behavioural sensitivity (E1), a 243-configuration operational factorial (E2), and targeted joint behavioural–operational stress testing (E3). The audited experiment records show favourable interoperability effects on waiting, total travel time, transfers and realised generalised cost in all 1,944 E2 and 768 E3 configuration-level primary comparisons. Fare integration substantially reduces passenger expenditure but produces an aggregate deficit under the assumed accounting coefficients. Revenue-sharing rules redistribute operator-level outcomes without changing aggregate profit or passenger trajectories by construction. The model is intended to identify mechanisms and test conditional robustness, not predict city-specific policy effects. The paper contributes an explicit separation of access, pricing and settlement mechanisms coupled with reproducible factorial and stress-test comparisons.

This archive contains the SAFE-ABM computational model developed to evaluate targeted intervention strategies for protecting essential workers during epidemic conditions, accompanying the published article “Essential Workers at Risk: An Agent-Based Model (SAFE-ABM) with Uncertainty Quantification” in the Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 29(4), Article 7 (2026). https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.6276. SAFE-ABM is an agent-based model that simulates disease transmission through structured interactions across households, workplaces, and schools, while incorporating stochastic disease progression and uncertainty in transmission, recovery, and mortality parameters.

The model evaluates five intervention scenarios: Scenario 1, no restrictions; Scenario 2, school-from-home; Scenario 3, essential-workers-only movement; Scenario 4, rotational shifts among essential workers with quarantine of symptomatic active workers; and Scenario 5, rotational shifts among essential workers without quarantine. The archive includes scenario-specific simulation scripts, comparison-analysis scripts, saved derived outputs, README documentation, software requirements, and reproducibility notes.

The included comparison scripts reproduce the main numerical summaries and manuscript outputs, including median epidemic trajectories, predictive-uncertainty plots, cumulative recovery and death summaries, inflection-point summaries, Welch-test comparisons, and mutual-information sensitivity rankings. Saved derived outputs are included so that the main figures and tables can be reproduced without rerunning all large-scale simulations.

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The model represents a large, traditional firm competing with small, sustainable food producers. The large firm operates under conventional assumptions, pursuing monopoly profits maximized through standard economic principles. Its behavior is driven by economies of scale, which compel small firms to strategically differentiate themselves to deliver added value to consumers. Consequently, small firms focus on offering higher-quality products—a factor that matters significantly to consumers.

The gains achieved by small firms represent social profits that hinge upon establishing co-participation schemes with farmers and building trustworthy relationships with consumers. Cooperation with farmers directly shapes production processes and product quality. Because a firm trusted by one consumer becomes visible to neighbors, trust can diffuse and evolve into a collective identity. Ultimately, population-level legitimation occurs when the organizational form of the organic food producer gains widespread acceptance within the consumer community.

The model’s behavior depends on three key factors: a trust parameter, a legitimation intensity parameter, and an aspiration-level weight (for the large firm).

This model extends Schelling’s segregation model with mobility sharing. Agents of two groups occupy cells of a 32 × 32 grid and repeatedly choose activity destinations subject to a preference threshold, the minimum share of ingroup neighbours they accept. Trips are matched into shared rides between members of different groups, using one of four matching algorithms on a shareability network (maximal cross-group matching, maximum weight matching on contact time, maximum cardinality matching, or random greedy matching) with a maximum detour constraint. After each trip, an agent’s preference threshold changes with the time spent in contact with outgroup members.

Starting from complete segregation, the model examines under which conditions contact during shared trips leads to integration. Besides the main scenario, in which contact always lowers the threshold, it includes two extensions. In the first, a share of adversarial agents becomes less tolerant with contact, and this share grows or shrinks with the current level of segregation, governed by a branching dissimilarity index and a conversion rate. In the second, each contact raises or lowers the threshold with a probability that depends on the agent’s current attitude relative to a compatibility threshold.

Segregation is measured with the index of dissimilarity and the Gini coefficient. The model file includes BehaviorSpace experiments for each analysis in the associated article. The matching step uses the NetworkX library through the Python extension of NetLogo (requires Python 3 with numpy and networkx 3.x).

This model represents individuals from two different groups interacting and sharing attitudes toward both groups. Through these interactions, individuals adjust their attitudes, which can lead to different outcomes in opinion dynamics. The model can study both intra-group and inter-group opinion dynamics. Under certain conditions, agents with initially moderate attitudes might enter a negative spiral, leading to increasingly extreme intergroup attitudes. Alternatively, these moderate attitudes can foster consensus between groups, resulting in agreement on intergroup attitudes. This model serves as a tool for exploring opinion polarization, particularly in contexts where attitudes evolve through interaction rather than remaining static.

By adjusting different parameters, one can examine the effects of variations in attitude distributions; group size and relative group size; contributions of xenophobia, opinion distance, and individual attitudes towards the outgroup; as well as ratio between xenophobia and attitudinal bias to the overall intergroup bias.

The model accompanies the paper When contact backfires, and when it does not: A computational model of the opinion dynamics of intergroup attitudes.

This repository contains a Python simulation script for studying network-based linguistic diversity. The model extends the classic Greenberg Diversity Index by introducing diversity measures defined over social ties rather than only over population shares. It also includes two extensions: a competence-conditioned version and a multilayer version.